When assessing the circulatory system, the rhythm and nature of the peripheral pulse are observed. When palpating the radial or femoral pulses, you’ll notice that although...
When assessing your heart, you might notice additional heart sounds or heart murmurs once you auscultate the chest. Generally, murmurs may be distinguished from additional sounds...
When performing a cardiovascular assessment, auscultation of heart sounds is a crucial element of the examination. Each sound has different characteristics, including timing and intensity. Read...
When performing a cardiovascular assessment, auscultation and palpation are used to look at the character of the vascular system. Bruising could also be felt above the...
Jugular venous pressure (JVP) estimation is a non-invasive approach to assessing a patient’s volume status. It is used to evaluate whether right atrial pressure (RAP) is...
Beta-blockers (β-blockers) affect the beta receptors of the sympathetic nervous system and are used to treat many acute and chronic diseases. There are three kinds of...
Sepsis and septic shock affect thousands and thousands of patients worldwide (Evans et al., 2021). Sepsis is defined as life-threatening end-organ dysfunction attributable to a dysregulated...
Calcium channel blockers (antagonists) are commonly prescribed to treat quite a lot of cardiovascular disorders. All calcium channel blockers inhibit the L-type calcium channel in cells...
Patients with kidney disease may experience many alternative symptoms or no symptoms in any respect. Some people experience renal symptoms akin to hematuria or flank pain;...
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a laboratory value that evaluates kidney function. Although you possibly can recognize a GFR result simply from a lab printout, it...
